Which two routes of entry are most critical for pesticide exposure?

The routes of entry that are most critical for pesticide exposure are dermal and inhalation.

Pesticides can be absorbed through the skin (dermal exposure), which is a significant route of entry because many people handling these chemicals may not be wearing appropriate protective equipment. Dermal exposure can occur quickly and in large amounts, particularly with concentrated formulations, leading to serious health effects.

Inhalation is another critical route because many pesticides are formulated in ways that allow them to become airborne and be easily inhaled. This is especially concerning for agricultural workers who may be applying these chemicals in an open field or enclosed spaces, which can lead to acute or chronic respiratory issues and systemic toxicity.

The combination of dermal and inhalation routes represents the highest risk of exposure, as both can lead to significant absorption of toxic substances into the body, leading to a range of health effects depending on the type of pesticide involved. By recognizing these two primary routes, individuals can take specific precautions to minimize their risk of exposure.